Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning
Design of the Jena Experiment
Roscher, C., J. Schumacher, J. Baade, W. Wilcke, G. Gleixner, W. W. Weisser, B. Schmid, and E. D. Schulze. 2004. The role of biodiversity for element cycling and trophic interactions: an experimental approach in a grassland community. Basic and Applied Ecology 5:107-121 PDF |
Further publications
Craven, D., F. Isbell, P. Manning, J. Connolly, H. Bruelheide, A. Ebeling, C. Roscher, J. Van Ruijven, A. Weigelt, B. Wilsey, C. Beierkuhnlein, E. De Luca, J. N. Griffin, Y. Hautier, A. Hector, A. Jentsch, J. Kreyling, V. Lanta, M. Loreau, S. T. Meyer, A. S. Mori, S. Naeem, C. Palmborg, H. W. Polley, P. B. Reich, B. Schmid, A. Siebenkäs, E. Seabloom, M. P. Thakur, D. Tilman, A. Vogel and N. Eisenhauer. 2016. Plant diversity effects on grassland productivity are robust to both nutrient enrichment and drought. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences 371:20150277. PDF |
Hertzog, L. R., S. T. Meyer, W. W. Weisser and A. Ebeling. 2016. Experimental Manipulation of Grassland Plant Diversity Induces Complex Shifts in Aboveground Arthropod Diversity. PLoS ONE 11:e0148768. PDF |
Schroeder-Georgi, T., C. Wirth, K. Nadrowski, S. T. Meyer, L. Mommer and A. Weigelt. 2016. From pots to plots: Hierarchical trait-based prediction of plant performance in a mesic grassland. Journal of Ecology 104:206-218. PDF |
Isbell, F., D. Craven, J. Connolly, M. Loreau, B. Schmid, C. Beierkuhnlein, T. M. Bezemer, C. Bonin, H. Bruelheide, E. De Luca, A. Ebeling, J. N. Griffin, Q. Guo, Y. Hautier, A. Hector, A. Jentsch, J. Kreyling, V. Lanta, P. Manning, S. T. Meyer, A. S. Mori, S. Naeem, P. A. Niklaus, H. W. Polley, P. B. Reich, C. Roscher, E. W. Seabloom, M. D. Smith, M. P. Thakur, D. Tilman, B. F. Tracy, W. H. Van Der Putten, J. Van Ruijven, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, B. Wilsey and N. Eisenhauer. 2015. Biodiversity increases the resistance of ecosystem productivity to climate extremes. Nature 526:574-577. Link to Nature |
Nitschke, N., K. Wiesner, I. Hilke, N. Eisenhauer, Y. Oelmann, and W. W. Weisser. 2015. Increase of fast nutrient cycling in grassland microcosms through insect herbivory depends on plant functional composition and species diversity. Oikos 124:161-173. PDF |
Steinauer, K., D. Tilman, P. D. Wragg, S. Cesarz, J. M. Cowles, K. Pritsch, P. B. Reich, W. W. Weisser and N. Eisenhauer. 2015. Plant diversity effects on soil microbial functions and enzymes are stronger than warming in a grassland experiment. Ecology 96:99-112. PDF |
Wright, A. J., A. Ebeling, H. De Kroon, C. Roscher, A. Weigelt, N. Buchmann, T. Buchmann, C. Fischer, N. Hacker, A. Hildebrandt, S. Leimer, L. Mommer, Y. Oelmann, S. Scheu, K. Steinauer, T. Strecker, W. Weisser, W. Wilcke and N. Eisenhauer. 2015. Flooding disturbances increase resource availability and productivity but reduce stability in diverse plant communities. Nature Communications 6. |
Abbas, M., A.-M. Klein, A. Ebeling, Y. Oelmann, R. Ptacnik, W. W. Weisser and H. Hillebrand. 2014. Plant diversity effects on pollinating and herbivorous insects can be linked to plant stoichiometry. Basic and Applied Ecology 15:169-178. |
Ebeling, A., S. T. Meyer, M. Abbas, N. Eisenhauer, H. Hillebrand, M. Lange, C. Scherber, A. Vogel, A. Weigelt and W. W. Weisser. 2014. Plant Diversity Impacts Decomposition and Herbivory via Changes in Aboveground Arthropods. PLoS ONE 9:e106529. PDF |
Ebeling, A., S. Pompe, J. Baade, N. Eisenhauer, H. Hillebrand, R. Proulx, C. Roscher, B. Schmid, C. Wirth and W. W. Weisser. 2014. A trait-based experimental approach to understand the mechanisms underlying biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships. Basic and Applied Ecology 15:229-240. |
Fischer, C., C. Roscher, B. Jensen, N. Eisenhauer, J. Baade, S. Attinger, S. Scheu, W. W. Weisser, J. Schumacher and A. Hildebrandt. 2014. How Do Earthworms, Soil Texture and Plant Composition Affect Infiltration along an Experimental Plant Diversity Gradient in Grassland? PLoS ONE 9:e98987. PDF |
Leimer, S., Y. Kreutziger, S. Rosenkranz, H. Beßler, C. Engels, A. Hildebrandt, Y. Oelmann, W. W. Weisser, C. Wirth and W. Wilcke. 2014. Plant diversity effects on the water balance of an experimental grassland. Ecohydrology 7:1378-1391. |
Loranger, H., W. Weisser, A. Ebeling, T. Eggers, E. De Luca, J. Loranger, C. Roscher and S. Meyer. 2014. Invertebrate herbivory increases along an experimental gradient of grassland plant diversity. Oecologia 174:183-193. PDF |
Nitschke, N., K. Wiesner, I. Hilke, N. Eisenhauer, Y. Oelmann and W. W. Weisser. 2014. Increase of fast nutrient cycling in grassland microcosms through insect herbivory depends on plant functional composition and species diversity. Oikos DOI:10.1111/oik.01476. PDF |
Ravenek, J. M., H. Bessler, C. Engels, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, A. Gessler, A. Gockele, E. De Luca, V. M. Temperton, A. Ebeling, C. Roscher, B. Schmid, W. W. Weisser, C. Wirth, H. De Kroon, A. Weigelt and L. Mommer. 2014. Long-term study of root biomass in a biodiversity experiment reveals shifts in diversity effects over time. Oikos 123:1528-1536. |
Steinauer, K., D. Tilman, P. D. Wragg, S. Cesarz, J. M. Cowles, K. Pritsch, P. B. Reich, W. W. Weisser and N. Eisenhauer. 2014. Plant diversity effects on soil microbial functions and enzymes are stronger than warming in a grassland experiment. Ecology 96:99-112. |
Steinauer, K., S. Zytynska, W. W. Weisser and N. Eisenhauer. 2014. Changes in plant community structure and soil biota along soil nitrate gradients in two deciduous forests. Pedobiologia 57:139-145. PDF |
Turcotte, M. M., C. J. M. Thomsen, G. T. Broadhead, P. V. A. Fine, R. M. Godfrey, G. P. A. Lamarre, S. T. Meyer, L. A. Richards and M. T. J. Johnson. 2014. Percentage leaf herbivory across vascular plant species. Ecology 95:788-788. PDF |
Abbas, M., A. Ebeling, Y. Oelmann, R. Ptacnik, C. Roscher, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, W. Wilcke and H. Hillebrand. 2013. Biodiversity Effects on Plant Stoichiometry. PLoS ONE 8:e58179. PDF |
Allan, E., T. Jenkins, A. J. F. Fergus, C. Roscher, M. Fischer, J. Petermann, W. W. Weisser and B. Schmid. 2013. Experimental plant communities develop phylogenetically overdispersed abundance distributions during assembly. Ecology 94:465-477. PDF |
Allan, E., W. Weisser, M. Fischer, E.-D. Schulze, A. Weigelt, C. Roscher, J. Baade, R. Barnard, H. Beßler, N. Buchmann, A. Ebeling, N. Eisenhauer, C. Engels, A. F. Fergus, G. Gleixner, M. Gubsch, S. Halle, A. Klein, I. Kertscher, A. Kuu, M. Lange, X. Roux, S. Meyer, V. Migunova, A. Milcu, P. Niklaus, Y. Oelmann, E. Pašalic, J. Petermann, F. Poly, T. Rottstock, A. W. Sabais, C. Scherber, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, S. Scheu, S. Steinbeiss, G. Schwichtenberg, V. Temperton, T. Tscharntke, W. Voigt, W. Wilcke, C. Wirth and B. Schmid. 2013. A comparison of the strength of biodiversity effects across multiple functions. Oecologia 173:223-237. PDF |
Ebeling, A., E. Allan, J. Heimann, G. Köhler, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, A. Vogel, A. Weigelt and W. W. Weisser. 2013. The impact of plant diversity and fertilization on fitness of a generalist grasshopper. Basic and Applied Ecology 14:246-254. PDF |
Guenay, Y., A. Ebeling, K. Steinauer, W. W. Weisser and N. Eisenhauer. 2013. Transgressive overyielding of soil microbial biomass in a grassland plant diversity gradient. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 60:122-124. PDF |
Loranger, J., S. T. Meyer, B. Shipley, J. Kattge, H. Loranger, C. Roscher, C. Wirth and W. W. Weisser. 2013. Predicting invertebrate herbivory from plant traits: polycultures show strong non-additive effects. Ecology 94:1499-1509. PDF |
Marquard, E., B. Schmid, C. Roscher, E. De Luca, K. Nadrowski, W. W. Weisser and A. Weigelt. 2013. Changes in the Abundance of Grassland Species in Monocultures versus Mixtures and Their Relation to Biodiversity Effects. Plos One 8. PDF |
Milcu, A., E. Allan, C. Roscher, T. Jenkins, S. T. Meyer, D. F. B. Flynn, H. Bessler, F. Buscot, C. Engels, M. Gubsch, S. König, A. Lipowsky, J. Loranger, C. Renker, C. Scherber, B. Schmid, E. Thébault, T. Wubet, W. W. Weisser, S. Scheu and N. Eisenhauer. 2013. Functionally and phylogenetically diverse plant communities key to soil biota. Ecology 94:1878–1885. PDF |
Pérès, G., D. Cluzeau, S. Menasseri, J. F. Soussana, H. Bessler, C. Engels, M. Habekost, G. Gleixner, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, S. Scheu and N. Eisenhauer. 2013. Mechanisms linking plant community properties to soil aggregate stability in an experimental grassland plant diversity gradient. Plant and Soil 373:285-299. |
Roscher, C., J. Schumacher, A. Lipowsky, M. Gubsch, A. Weigelt, S. Pompe, O. Kolle, N. Buchmann, B. Schmid and E.-D. Schulze. 2013. A functional trait-based approach to understand community assembly and diversity–productivity relationships over 7 years in experimental grasslands. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 15:139-149. PDF |
Schmitz, M., D. F. B. Flynn, P. N. Mwangi, R. Schmid, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, W. W. Weisser and B. Schmid. 2013. Consistent Effects of Biodiversity on Ecosystem Functioning Under Varying Density and Evenness. Folia Geobotanica 48:335-353. PDF |
Ebeling, A., A.-M. Klein, W. Weisser and T. Tscharntke. 2012. Multitrophic effects of experimental changes in plant diversity on cavity-nesting bees, wasps, and their parasitoids. Oecologia 169:453-465. PDF |
Hudewenz, A., A.-M. Klein, C. Scherber, L. Stanke, T. Tscharntke, A. Vogel, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser and A. Ebeling. 2012. Herbivore and pollinator responses to grassland management intensity along experimental changes in plant species richness. Biological Conservation 150:42-52. PDF |
Khalsa, J., T. Fricke, W. W. Weisser, A. Weigelt and M. Wachendorf. 2012. Effects of functional groups and species richness on biomass constituents relevant for combustion: results from a grassland diversity experiment. Grass and Forage Science 67:569-588. PDF |
Loranger, J., S. T. Meyer, B. Shipley, J. Kattge, H. Loranger, C. Roscher and W. W. Weisser. 2012. Predicting invertebrate herbivory from plant traits: evidence from 51 grassland species in experimental monocultures. Ecology 93:2674-2682. PDF |
Reich, P. B., D. Tilman, F. Isbell, K. Mueller, S. E. Hobbie, D. F. B. Flynn and N. Eisenhauer. 2012. Impacts of Biodiversity Loss Escalate Through Time as Redundancy Fades. Science 336:589-592. PDF |
Vogel, A., M. Scherer-Lorenzen and A. Weigelt. 2012. Grassland Resistance and Resilience after Drought Depends on Management Intensity and Species Richness. PLoS ONE 7:e36992. PDF |
Allan, E., W. W. Weisser, A. Weigelt, C. Roscher, M. Fischer and H. Hillebrand. 2011. More diverse plant communities have higher functioning over time due to turnover in complementary dominant species. PNAS online DOI:10.1073/pnas.1104015108 http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/09/22/1104015108.abstract PDF |
Eisenhauer, N., A. Milcu, E. Allan, N. Nitschke, C. Scherber, V. Temperton, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, and S. Scheu. 2011. Impact of above- and below-ground invertebrates on temporal and spatial stability of grassland of different diversity. Journal of Ecology 99. PDF |
Eisenhauer, N., A. Milcu, A. C. W. Sabais, H. Bessler, J. Brenner, C. Engels, B. Klarner, M. Maraun, S. Partsch, C. Roscher, F. Schonert, V. M. Temperton, K. Thomisch, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, and S. Scheu. 2011. Plant Diversity Surpasses Plant Functional Groups and Plant Productivity as Driver of Soil Biota in the Long Term. PLoS ONE 6:Article No.: e16055. PDF |
Eisenhauer, N., M. Ackermann, S. Gass, M. Klier, V. Migunova, N. Nitschke, L. Ruess, A. C. W. Sabais, W. W. Weisser, and S. Scheu. 2010. Nematicide impacts on nematodes and feedbacks on plant productivity in a plant diversity gradient. Acta Oecologica 36:477-483. PDF |
Eisenhauer, N., H. Beßler, C. Engels, G. Gleixner, M. Habekost, A. Milcu, S. Partsch, A. C. W. Sabais, C. Scherber, S. Steinbeiss, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, and S. Scheu. 2010. Plant diversity effects on soil microorganisms support the singular hypothesis. Ecology 91:485-496. PDF |
Franzke, A., S. B. Unsicker, J. Specht, G. Kohler, and W. W. Weisser. 2010. Being a generalist herbivore in a diverse world: how do diets from different grasslands influence food plant selection and fitness of the grasshopper Chorthippus parallelus? Ecological Entomology 35:126-138. PDF |
Nitschke, N., A. Ebeling, T. Rottstock, C. Scherber, C. Middelhoff, S. Creutzburg, A. Weigelt, T. Tscharntke, M. Fischer, and W. W. Weisser. 2010. Time course of plant diversity effects on Centaurea jacea establishment and the role of competition and herbivory. Journal of Plant Ecology-Uk 3:109-121. PDF |
Petermann, J. S., C. B. Mueller, C. Roscher, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, and B. Schmid. 2010. Plant Species Loss Affects Life-History Traits of Aphids and Their Parasitoids. PLoS ONE 5:Article No.: e12053. PDF |
Petermann, J. S., C. B. Muller, A. Weigelt, W. W. Weisser, and B. Schmid. 2010. Effect of plant species loss on aphid-parasitoid communities. Journal of Animal Ecology 79:709-720. PDF |
Proulx, R., C. Wirth, W. Voigt, A. Weigelt, C. Roscher, S. Attinger, J. Baade, R. L. Barnard, N. Buchmann, F. Buscot, N. Eisenhauer, M. Fischer, G. Gleixner, S. Halle, A. Hildebrandt, E. Kowalski, A. Kuu, M. Lange, A. Milcu, P. A. Niklaus, Y. Oelmann, S. Rosenkranz, A. Sabais, C. Scherber, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, S. Scheu, E. D. Schulze, J. Schumacher, G. Schwichtenberg, J. F. Soussana, V. M. Temperton, W. W. Weisser, W. Wilcke, and B. Schmid. 2010. Diversity Promotes Temporal Stability across Levels of Ecosystem Organization in Experimental Grasslands. Plos One 5. PDF |
Scherber, C., N. Eisenhauer, W. W. Weisser, B. Schmid, W. Voigt, M. Fischer, E. D. Schulze, C. Roscher, A. Weigelt, E. Allan, H. Bessler, M. Bonkowski, N. Buchmann, F. Buscot, L. W. Clement, A. Ebeling, C. Engels, S. Halle, I. Kertscher, A. M. Klein, R. Koller, S. Konig, E. Kowalski, V. Kummer, A. Kuu, M. Lange, D. Lauterbach, C. Middelhoff, V. D. Migunova, A. Milcu, R. Muller, S. Partsch, J. S. Petermann, C. Renker, T. Rottstock, A. Sabais, S. Scheu, J. Schumacher, V. M. Temperton, and T. Tscharntke. 2010. Bottom-up effects of plant diversity on multitrophic interactions in a biodiversity experiment. Nature 468:553-556. PDF |
Scherber, C., J. Heimann, G. Kohler, N. Mitschunas, and W. W. Weisser. 2010. Functional identity versus species richness: herbivory resistance in plant communities. Oecologia 163:707-717. PDF |
Scherber, C., P. N. Mwangi, M. Schmitz, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, H. Bessler, C. Engels, N. Eisenhauer, V. D. Migunova, S. Scheu, W. W. Weisser, E. D. Schulze and B. Schmid. 2010. Biodiversity and belowground interactions mediate community invasion resistance against a tall herb invader. Journal of Plant Ecology-Uk 3:99-108. PDF |
Stein, C., S. B. Unsicker, A. Kahmen, M. Wagner, V. Audorff, H. Auge, D. Prati, and W. W. Weisser. 2010. Impact of invertebrate herbivory in grasslands depends on plant species diversity. Ecology 91:1639-1650. PDF |
Unsicker, S. B., A. Franzke, J. Specht, G. Kohler, J. Linz, C. Renker, C. Stein, and W. W. Weisser. 2010. Plant species richness in montane grasslands affects the fitness of a generalist grasshopper species. Ecology 91:1083-1091. PDF |
Bessler, H., V. M. Temperton, C. Roscher, N. Buchmann, B. Schmid, E. D. Schulze, W. W. Weisser, and C. Engels. 2009. Aboveground overyielding in grassland mixtures is associated with reduced biomass partitioning to belowground organs. Ecology 90:1520-1530. PDF |
Marquard, E., A. Weigelt, V. M. Temperton, C. Roscher, J. Schumacher, N. Buchmann, M. Fischer, W. W. Weisser, and B. Schmid. 2009. Plant species richness and functional composition drive overyielding in a six-year grassland experiment. Ecology 90:3290-3302. PDF |
Sobek, S., M. M. Gossner, C. Scherber, I. Steffan-Dewenter, and T. Tscharntke. 2009. Tree diversity drives abundance and spatiotemporal beta-diversity of true bugs (Heteroptera). Ecological Entomology 34:772-782. PDF |
Ebeling, A., A. M. Klein, J. Schumacher, W. W. Weisser, and T. Tscharntke. 2008. How does plant richness affect pollinator richness and temporal stability of flower visits? Oikos 117:1808-1815. PDF |
Milcu, A., S. Partsch, C. Scherber, W. W. Weisser, and S. Scheu. 2008. Earthworms and legumes control litter decomposition in a plant diversity gradient. Ecology 89:1872-1882. PDF |
Roscher, C., J. Schumacher, W. W. Weisser, and E. D. Schulze. 2008. Genetic identity affects performance of species in grasslands of different plant diversity: An experiment with Lolium perenne cultivars. Annals of Botany 102:113-125. PDF |
Specht, J., C. Scherber, S. B. Unsicker, G. Koehler, and W. W. Weisser. 2008. Diversity and beyond: plant functional identity determines herbivore performance. Journal of Animal Ecology 77:1047-1055. PDF |
Unsicker, S. B., A. Oswald, G. Köhler, and W. W. Weisser. 2008. Complementary effects through diatary mixing enhance the performance of a generalist herbivore. Oecologia 156:313-324. |
Mwangi, P. N., M. Schmitz, C. Scherber, C. Roscher, J. Schumacher, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, W. W. Weisser, and B. Schmid. 2007. Niche pre-emption increases with species richness in experimental plant communities. Journal of Ecology 95:65-78. PDF |
Oelmann, Y., Y. Kreutziger, V. M. Temperton, N. Buchmann, C. Roscher, J. Schumacher, E. D. Schulze, W. W. Weisser, and W. Wilcke. 2007. Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets in experimental grasslands of variable diversity. Journal of Environmental Quality 36:396-407. |
Oelmann, Y., W. Wilcke, V. M. Temperton, N. Buchmann, C. Roscher, J. Schumacher, E. D. Schulze, and W. W. Weisser. 2007. Soil and plant nitrogen pools as related to plant diversity in an experimental grassland. Soil Science Society of America Journal 71:720-729. |
Scherber, C., A. Milcu, S. Partsch, S. Scheu, and W. W. Weisser. 2006. The effects of plant diversity and insect herbivory on performance of individual plant species in experimental grassland. Journal of Ecology 94:922-931. PDF |
Scherber, C., P. N. Mwangi, V. M. Temperton, C. Roscher, J. Schumacher, B. Schmid, and W. W. Weisser. 2006. Effects of plant diversity on invertebrate herbivory in experimental grassland. Oecologia 147:489-500. PDF |
Unsicker, S. B., N. Baer, A. Kahmen, M. Wagner, N. Buchmann, and W. W. Weisser. 2006. Invertebrate herbivory along a gradient of plant species diversity in extensively managed grasslands. Oecologia 150:233-246. PDF |
Roscher, C., V. M. Temperton, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, M. Schmitz, J. Schumacher, B. Schmid, N. Buchmann, W. W. Weisser, and E. D. Schulze. 2005. Overyielding in experimental grassland communities - irrespective of species pool or spatial scale. Ecology Letters 8:419-429. PDF |